A large watershed can be managed in plain valley areas or where forest or pasture development is the main objective. It provides a framework for integrating different landuse and. To maximize learning, students will be expected to spend time reading and studying outside of the recorded lesson. Tamil nadu, india abstract the early watershed development programme in india launched in the year 1974 and the subsequent. The president and board of trustees of the village hereby find the facts as stated in article i of the lcwdo to be true and correct and said findings are hereby made a part of this. These activities include forestry, fodder, soil and water conservation, agriculture, drinking water. After going through this unit, you should be able to. Major areas watershed management development programme. These watershed development guidelines have been developed to help enhance consistency and administrative decisionmaking for the implementation of the lake simcoe region conservation authoritys lsrca development, interference with wetlands andalteration to shorelines and watercourses regulation ontario regulation 17906 made under the.
A portion of the water falling on land seeps into the soil or flows over the surface before entering streams. Major objectives of the watershed management program are. Chapter 5 watershed development section 451 preamble 452 lake county watershed development ordinance adopted 453 conflict 454 penalties 451. Pdf on jan 1, 2015, s abraham and others published watershed development, resilience and livelihood security. Watershed management includes identification, protection and enhancement of significant natural features including. Development programme all over the country and recommended a common set of operational guidelines, objectives, strategies and expenditure norms for watershed development projects integrating the features of the three programmes under the mord. Watershed management i concepts in watershed hydrology and. Thus concept of watershed development is a integrated nurture with multi disciplinary activities in the area. Pdf watershed is not simply the hydrological unit but also sociopoliticalecological entity which plays crucial role in determining food, social. Special thanks to charles app for his contributions and leadership throughout this project. Watershed management is defined as the analysis, protection, repair, utilization. Pdf watershed is not simply the hydrological unit but also sociopolitical ecological entity which plays crucial role in determining food, social. Watershed development projects in the country has been sponsored and implemented by government of india from early 1970s onwards. Watershed is not simply the hydrological unit but also sociopoliticalecological entity which plays crucial role in determining food, social, and economical.
Water shed is an area bounded by the divide line of water flow. Watershed management involves determination of alternative land treatment measures for, which information about problems of land, soil, water and vegetation in the watershed is essential. However projects of mord dpap, iwdp, ddp watersheds under eas, jry etc constitute the majority in the state. Rain falling and snow melting from fields, forests, rooftops, lawns, parking lots, and streets flows toward a lake or river and forms a watershed. Watershed is not simply the hydrological unit but also sociopoliticalecological entity which plays crucial role in determining food, social, and economical security and provides life support services to rural people.
Unesco eolss sample chapters human settlement development vol. For development of agriculture and drinking water resources the basic elements required are land and water. Since the handbook was issued, epa and other entities have stepped up. Many countries are now trying to place watershed management within the context of natural and human systems bunch et al. Pdf concept of watershed management and its components. The expense of undertaking watershed management is far less than the cost of future remediation. The concept of using watershed as a development unit in india dates back to 1970s and since then several watershed programs have been launched in the country wani and garg, 2009. Handbook for developing watershed plans to restore and protect our waters the. Watershed management approaches are evolving throughout the country and are being used to solve tough problems. A quick guide to developing watershed plans to restore and. The journey through the evolution of watershed approach evolved in india is shown in figure1 wani et al. Water management means properly organizing the hydrosphere in order to prevent major water crisis in future.
Watershed can be defined as a unit h d b d fi d i of area covers all the land which contributes runoff to a common point or outlet and surrounded by a ridge line. Venkatesan programme officer and team leader, dhan foundation, 18 pillaiyar koil street, s. The environmental regulatory context there is a formal environmental regulatory framework in ethiopia within which irrigation schemes must be developed and operate under. Objectives, concept and principles of watershed management. Jun 30, 2016 many countries are now trying to place watershed management within the context of natural and human systems bunch et al. Management of the natural resources in headwater watersheds has the greatest potential for application of the participatory integrated concept. Improving watershed management in developing countries. Watershed management is the comprehensive development of a watershed basin so as to make productive use of all its natural resources and protect them. Accordingly, the guidelines for watershed development were framed and brought into force with effect from. It was out of this background and experience thai indias community development programme cdp was born. Watershed management considers the management and conservation of all available natural resources in a comprehensive way. First year should be devoted for survey, data collection, plan preparation, organization and entry point activities.
A watershed is an area of land that catches rainfall and other precipitation and funnels it into a stream, river, lake, or other water body. Watershed development a watershed is an area of land where all of the water that is under it or drains off of it goes into the same place. In order to have a practical solution to above problem it is necessary to go through four phases for a full scale watershed management. Part 501 development of watershed project plans 34. Watershed is a geohydrological unit of an area draining to a common outlet point. The drainage patterns also give idea of lithology and relief, eg. An urban tree selection guide is included for use in selecting the best tree and shrub. The concept of sustainable development represents an attempt to go beyond the simple. Deterioration of watershed takes place due to faulty and bad management through the activity of man and hi animals. Assessment of sustainable watershed management approach case study lenche dima, tsegur eyesus and dijjil watershed a project paper presented to the faculty of the graduate school of cornell university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of professional studies by tesfaye habtamu may 2011. The evolution of watershed development concept and goals 1. Upscaling of watershed development programme was carried out by spending about rs. Topics covered include site assessment, planting design, site preparation and other preplanting considerations, and planting and maintenance techniques. Watershed approach to conservation and development a repeatedly raised question by policymakers and planners is why should a watershed.
Over 70 percent of private nonindustrial forest landowners. Watershed and drainagepatterns the drainage patterns have effect on watershed development as they decide the type of sedimentation processes the quantity of sediments and water. Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities within the watershed boundary. Iii summary principles for sustainable development sylvie. History of watershed development and management an understanding of how human use of the land has changed through time and how those uses have transformed physical processes within the watershed is an important part of developing a watershed management plan for carneros creek.
Pdf watershed development, resilience and livelihood. Thapa encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Concept of watershed watershed is a natural hydrologic entity that encompasses a specific area stretch of land surface where from rainfall or run off flows to a specific defined drain be it a channelnullah, small stream or river. Source programs funding guidelines into the watershed plan development process. The environmental regulatory context there is a formal environmental regulatory framework in ethiopia within which irrigation schemes must be developed and operate under the constitution of the country and the state regions. Watershed management i concepts in watershed hydrology and management ceu short course offered by the soil science society of america.
A watershed is the land area drained by a riverstream system. In 1994, a technical committee under the chairmanship of prof. The world bank and the united nations food and agriculture organization fao, amongst others, use watershed management approaches to assess the environmental benefits of development projects and aim to improve the provision of goods and services. Mp has a number of watershed development projects like dpap, iwdp, ddp, nwdpra, rvp, mprlp and danida supported watersheds besides many small scale interventions by ngos. Watershed management book starts with the topics concept of watershed development, types of erosion, size, shape, physiography, slope, climate. This includes land improvements, rehabilitation and other technical works as well as the human considerations. James kasal, natural resource economics division, economics, statistics, and cooperatives service, u. An empirical analysis find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
These six projects programmes also account for about 70 percent of funds and area under watershed programmes in the country. This and the fact that there are numerous definitions and related concepts can be confusing. Common guidelines for watershed development projects 3 1. Various watershed development programs like drought prone area program. Integrated watershed and environmental management 3 june 2015 2. To maximize learning, students will be expected to spend time reading and. Watershed management i concepts in watershed hydrology. Watershed management pdf notes wm pdf notes smartzworld. At present ministry of rural development and department of land resources, government of india funding watershed development programmes under d. Features of watershed that agencies seek to manage. Consequently, our activities under the watershed development program encompass a range of interventions, in sectors that, if poorly managed, could affect negatively watershed development. Watershed plans should ideally address all water quality impairments and the sources and causes of those impairments.
Your watershed plan should address the sources and causes of immediate threats, but also any pollutants or threats e. Effective watershed development can prevent community water shortages, poor water quality, flooding and erosion. Early efforts of treating watersheds were aimed at catchment protection. In hilly areas or where intensive agriculture development is planned, the size of watershed relatively preferred is small. The president and board of trustees of the village hereby find the facts as stated in article i of the. A case study of watershed development in sangolamaharashtra. The goi has launched new common guidelines for watershed development projects 2008 with complete change in the earlier approach and have been made applicable to all watershed development projects being implemented by various ministriesdepartments in govt. The importance of healthy watersheds is explained by john wesley powell, scientist geographer. Amongst these related concepts are integrated water resource management, intersectoral water management, environmental management, watershed development and integrated watershed management. Singh,rp edsustainable development of dryland agriculture in india, scientific publisher, jodhpur. Pdf watershed management concept and principles semantic. The cdp was started in 1952 with the establishment of 55 community projects and, by 1963, llic programme had been extended to cover the entire country by a network of 5,263 community development. Hanumantha rao, was appointed to assess the drought prone areas programme dpap and the desert development programme ddp with the purpose of identifying weaknesses and suggesting improvements.
About 66 percent of the nations scarce freshwater resources originate on forest land. It does this in the hope of providing a useful input into the discussions on how watershed development programs can be more eff ective instruments for simultaneously achieving both rural development and water resources conservation and management goals. The purpose of this paper is to outline some of the important basic definitions, concepts and operational framework for initiating communitybased watershed management projects and programs as. Abstract small watershed flood control development public law 566 has had vary ing impacts on structure site land values. This paper summarises observations based on previous assessments of watershed management projects in developing countries.
Evaluation of watershed development plan and technology. Through various watershed development programmes, about 30 million ha. Watershed management food and agriculture organization. The world bank and the united nations food and agriculture organization fao, amongst others, use watershed management approaches to assess the environmental benefits of development projects and aim to improve the. Impact assessment of watershed development projects. Watershed management is the people oriented supporting process designed to reach the objectives of watershed management. Watershed management is based upon an understanding of the watershed, its water cycle and its interrelationship with human activities. The framework for sustainable watershed management is the result of many cooperative efforts during the projects development. Promotes research into water issues and development of decision support tools to ensure. The watershed development works should be completed in 4 to 5 years. Nov 30, 2012 watershed and drainagepatterns the drainage patterns have effect on watershed development as they decide the type of sedimentation processes the quantity of sediments and water.
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